Discovering the Mayan Ball Game

When we think of Mayan culture, it's easy to imagine imposing pyramids, temples surrounded by jungle, or mysterious cenotes. But one of its most fascinating and symbolic legacies is the Mayan ball game, a ritual sport that combined physical skill, spirituality, and political power.

Pok ta Pok, as it is also known, is a representation of the struggle between life and death, sun and darkness, divine and human. Join us as we discover its history, rules, symbolism, and where you can still witness its legacy.

What was Pok ta Pok and how was it played?

This game was played on a ceremonial court of stone with sloping side walls and a central corridor, where in some cases stone hoops were placed high on the walls.

Players used only their hips, thighs, forearms, or elbows to hit a solid rubber ball, avoiding letting it touch the ground. In more elaborate versions, they had to make it jump through hoops, which required impressive precision.

But Pok ta Pok wasn't just a game: it was often performed as part of religious rituals, community celebrations, or political decisions. In these events, the outcome could have spiritual significance or even be interpreted as a sign from the gods.

Rules and rituals of the Mayan ball game

Although the rules of the Mayan ball game varied between regions and periods, they were very similar:

• Teams could have from two to seven players, depending on the site.


• The use of hands and feet was not allowed, only the rest of the body.


• The rubber ball was hard and heavy, so hitting it could cause injuries.


• In some versions, vertical stone hoops were incorporated, although this is believed to have had a more symbolic or ceremonial value.


• The game was deeply linked to myths of the underworld and the passage of life and death.

Some archaeological records suggest that players could be offered as sacrifices, not as punishment, but as an honor. This is a metaphor where Pok ta Pok simulated the constant battle between opposing forces.

Places where performances are still held

Although it is no longer played in its original form today, its spirit lives on in various parts of Mexico through cultural performances and ceremonial reenactments.

• A recreation of the Mayan ball game is presented at Xcaret Park, combining dance, music, and fire to showcase its ritual and symbolic nature.


• In Mérida, Yucatán, Pok ta Pok demonstrations are held on certain days in front of the Cathedral or in public squares, reviving the ancient tradition for visitors.


• At Chichén Itzá, one of Mexico's most important archaeological sites, cultural events are occasionally held that evoke the ceremonial atmosphere of the original game.

We recommend checking local programming, as there are sometimes Mayan journeys or themed nights where the ball game takes center stage.

Experience Mayan heritage and relax at Park Royal Beach Cancún

After immersing yourself in the history, rituals, and symbolism of the Mayan ball game, there's nothing like ending your trip with a break overlooking the Caribbean Sea.



At Park Royal Beach Cancún, cultural heritage meets modern comfort. Located in the Hotel Zone, this resort offers spacious rooms, restaurants, pools, and direct beach access, as well as a family-friendly atmosphere filled with Mexican hospitality.